DEFINITION:
An imbalance between new bone formation and old bone resorption leads to osteoporosis. Body either fails to form enough new bones or reabsorbs too much old bone , or both.
ETIOLOGY(causes):
In osteoporosis , the bone loses its density and strength.
The causes osteoporosis includes,
1. Deficiency of oestrogen in females and androgen in males. Osteoporosis is more common in females than male as after Menopause females(older than 60 years ) have a high risks to the disorder due to low level of oestrogen.
2. Inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D , lack of weight-bearing exercises and age related changes in endocrine functions.
3. Overproduction of Corticosteroids (in case of Cushing syndrome),
4. Thyroid disorders,
5. Bone cancer , genetic disorders
6. Low calcium diet and lack of muscle uses etc.
SYNDROMES {SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS}:
1. Back pain due to fractured or collapsed vertebra.
2. Loss of height over time,
3. A stooped posture,
4. Easy bone fractures.
TREATMENT:
1.Hormone-related therapy: OESTROGEN THERAPY should be started just after Menopause to maintain the bone density.
2. RALOXIFENE is used which produces effects similar to that of oestrogen.
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